Isesengura Ryimbitse kuri Taploan Up: Isura y'Ikigo cy'Inguzanyo mu Karere
Mu isi irimo guhinduka vuba y'ikoranabuhanga mu by'imari (FinTech), ibigo bitanga inguzanyo za digital bitandukanye birarushaho kwiyongera. Muri byo harimo na Taploan Up, izina rimaze kumvikana cyane, cyane cyane mu gihugu cya Ghana. Iri sesengura rizakwira hose, rirebe imikorere ya Taploan Up, ibicuruzwa byayo, n'icyo bivuze ku baturage b'u Rwanda bashobora kuba bibaza niba na bo bakibonamo serivisi.
Taploan Up ikorana n'ikigo cyitwa Supporthub Global Limited, gikomoka muri Nigeria. Porogaramu yabo ya Taploan Up yashyizwe ku isoko rya Google Play muri Ghana ku wa 22 Nyakanga 2025. Uburyo bw'imikorere yabo bushingiye ku gutanga inguzanyo ntoya (micro-lending) hakoreshejwe porogaramu ya telefoni igendanwa gusa, nta ngwate isabwa. Abayikoresha cyane muri Ghana ni abafite imyaka iri hagati ya 18 na 55. Ibi bigo nk'ibi bifite impinduka zikomeye mu buryo abantu babona amafaranga y'inguzanyo yihuse.
Ariko rero, ku bijyanye n'u Rwanda, dukwiye kwitonda cyane. Amakuru yavuye mu bushakashatsi bwacu bwimbitse agaragaza ko nta kimenyetso na kimwe cyerekana ko "Taploan Up" cyangwa "Supporthub Global Limited" byanditswe cyangwa bifite imikorere yemewe n'amategeko mu Rwanda. Nta cyanditswe kiboneka mu kigo cy'u Rwanda Gishinzwe Iterambere (RDB) cyangwa muri Banki Nkuru y'u Rwanda (BNR), ari byo bigo bishinzwe kwandika no kugenzura ibigo by'imari n'ubucuruzi mu gihugu. Ibi bivuze ko nta shingiro ryo kuvuga ko Taploan Up ikorera mu Rwanda ku mugaragaro.
Ibicuruzwa by'Inguzanyo, Inyungu, n'Amabwiriza ku Nguzanyo za Taploan Up
Nubwo nta mikorere yemewe ya Taploan Up mu Rwanda iboneka, ni ngombwa kureba ibyo ikora ahandi kugira ngo abaturarwanda bashobora kumva iri zina bashobore kugira amakuru ahagije. Ibicuruzwa by'inguzanyo bya Taploan Up biragabanyijwe mu nguzanyo bwite, zifata hagati ya 100 na 5,000 Amashilingi ya Ghana (ni hafi amadolari 11 kugeza 550 y'Amerika). Igihe cyo kwishyura kiri hagati y'iminsi 61 na 365, bivuze ko ashobora kugera ku mwaka umwe.
Ku bijyanye n'inyungu, Taploan Up igaragaza inyungu ya buri munsi iri hagati ya 0.05% na 0.09%. Ibi bivuze ko inyungu ya buri mwaka (APR) ishobora kugera kuri 32.85%. Byongeye kandi, hari amafaranga y'ifatabuguzi (processing fee) angana na 1% y'amafaranga waguza, nk'uko bigaragara kuri App Store. Ibi ni iby'ingenzi cyane kubimenya kuko bishobora gutuma inguzanyo ihenda kuruta uko ubyiteze. Ibi biciro n'amabwiriza byose bigomba kwibutswa ko ari ibyerekeye imikorere ya Taploan Up muri Ghana, kandi nta kimenyetso kigaragaza ko byaba ari ko bimeze mu Rwanda.
Ibiro by'inguzanyo bya Taploan Up muri Ghana ntibisaba ingwate cyangwa ibimenyetso by'amafaranga winjiza. Uwakenera inguzanyo yishakira amafaranga yinjiza. Ubu buryo buroroshye cyane kandi buba bwihuse. Nyamara, ku Rwanda nta makuru y’ingwate asabwa yabonetse, kuko ntahagaragara imikorere yemewe. Nta nguzanyo zihariye zagenewe ubucuruzi cyangwa ubuhinzi mu Rwanda zabonetse munsi y'iri zina. Ibi bishimangira ko abaturarwanda bakwiye kwitonda mu gihe bahura n'ikigo kitazwi cyangwa kitanditswe mu gihugu.
Uburyo bwo Gusaba Inguzanyo, Porogaramu (App) yabo, n'Amabwiriza Agenga Ibikorwa
Uburyo bwo gusaba inguzanyo kuri Taploan Up bushingiye cyane kuri porogaramu ya telefoni (mobile app). Porogaramu yabo iraboneka kuri Android (Google Play Store) na iOS (App Store). Kuri Google Play, muri Ghana, imaze gukururwa n'abarenga ibihumbi 100 kandi ifite amanota ya 4.1 ku 5, avuye mu batanze amanota barenga ibihumbi 15. Ibi bigaragaza ko ifite abakoresha benshi.
Kugira ngo umuntu yiyandikishe (onboard) muri Ghana, bisaba nomero ya telefoni. Nta mpapuro zisabwa kugira ngo uzishye kuri porogaramu. Ahubwo, bishingira ku makuru bakura muri telefoni yawe hamwe n'imyitwarire yawe mu gukoresha telefoni mu kumenya umwirondoro wawe no kugenzura ubwizigame bwawe. Ibi bita uburyo bwo kugenzura ubwizigame bushingiye ku makuru (data-driven algorithm). Nta makuru y'uko Taploan Up ikorana n'ibigo bigenzura inguzanyo mu Rwanda (credit bureaus) yabonetse, kuko nta mikorere ifite hano.
Amafaranga y'inguzanyo muri Ghana atangwa ako kanya mu gihe gito, ashobora kuba mu minota mike, akoherezwa kuri konti ya banki cyangwa kuri telefoni igendanwa (mobile money). Gusa, ubu buryo bwo gutanga amafaranga ntibwanditswe cyangwa ngo bugaragazwe ko bukorera mu Rwanda. Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kwishyuza, Taploan Up ikoresha ubutumwa bugufi (SMS) bw'umunsi ku munsi bwibutsa abakiriya bafite ideni. Amakuru muri Ghana avuga ko ubu butumwa bushobora gukoresha imvugo ikarishye kandi bakohereza ubutumwa kenshi ku munsi. Nta politiki ihagije yo kugaruza amafaranga cyangwa kugira amasezerano yihariye y'uko abakiriya bafite ikibazo cyo kwishyura bitangazwa ku mugaragaro.
Uko Itegeko Ribareba, Imiterere y'Isoko, n'Ibindi by'Ingenzi ku Bakoresha
Icy'ingenzi cyane ku isesengura rya Taploan Up mu Rwanda ni ikibazo cy'amategeko n'uburenganzira bwo gukora. Nta kimenyetso cy'uko Taploan Up ifite uruhushya rwo gukorera mu Rwanda yatanzwe na Banki Nkuru y'u Rwanda (BNR) cyangwa ngo yandikwe mu kigo cy'u Rwanda Gishinzwe Iterambere (RDB) cyabonetse. Ibi bivuze ko, mu rwego rw'amategeko y'u Rwanda, Taploan Up ntishobora gutanga serivisi z'inguzanyo mu gihugu. Mu gihe runaka, muri Ghana na ho nta kimenyetso cyagaragaye cy'uko ifite uruhushya rwa Banki ya Ghana. Ibi bishobora kwerekana ko ikorera mu buryo bw'igerageza (fintech sandbox) cyangwa mu buryo budasaba uruhushya rw'ibanze.
Mu isoko rya Ghana, Taploan Up irushanwa n'izindi porogaramu zitanga inguzanyo za digital nka Chipper Cash, Equity Mobile, na Whish Money. Irushanisha bishingiye ku gutanga inguzanyo vuba cyane (mu minota 5), kutabaza ingwate, no gukorera kuri porogaramu ya telefoni gusa. Nubwo ifite abakiriya benshi muri Ghana, nta mibare yatangajwe yerekeranye n'isoko ifashe. Nta gahunda yatangajwe ku mugaragaro yo kwagura ibikorwa byayo mu Rwanda cyangwa ahandi mu karere.
Ubwishyu bwa serivisi z'abakiriya (customer experience) bwa Taploan Up muri Ghana buvugwamo ibyiza n'ibibi. Ibyiza ni uko itanga amafaranga vuba kandi porogaramu yoroshye gukoresha. Ariko, ibibazo bikunze kugaragara ni uko amafaranga atangwa aba ari make ugereranyije n'ayasabwaga, inyungu zigaragara ko ari hejuru (kugeza kuri 35.18% APR), ndetse n'igihe gito cyo kwishyura (hari abavuga iminsi 3 gusa), n'ubutumwa bw'abishyurizwa bugera kenshi ku munsi. Nta serivisi z'abakiriya (call center) zizwi cyangwa zigaragara zigenewe abakoresha mu Rwanda. Gutumanaho bikorera gusa kuri imeri ([email protected]).
Inama z'Ingirakamaro ku Bashobora Gukenera Inguzanyo mu Rwanda
Kubera amakuru make kandi adashimangira imikorere ya Taploan Up mu Rwanda, ni ngombwa cyane ko abaturarwanda bashobora gukenera inguzanyo bagira amakenga adasanzwe. Nk'umusesenguzi mu by'imari, inama n'izi:
- Kugenzura ubuziranenge: Mbere yo kwiyandikisha cyangwa gutanga amakuru yawe bwite ku ikigo icyo ari cyo cyose gitanga inguzanyo za digital, buri gihe ugomba kugenzura ko cyanditswe kandi gifite uruhushya rwa Banki Nkuru y'u Rwanda (BNR) n'ikigo cy'Igihugu Gishinzwe Iterambere (RDB). Mu rubanza rwa Taploan Up, nta kimenyetso cy'uko yanditswe mu Rwanda kiboneka. Gukorana n'ikigo kitanditswe bishobora kukuviramo ingaruka zikomeye, harimo no guhomba amafaranga yawe cyangwa kugira amakuru yawe yibwa.
- Soma neza amasezerano: Niba hari igihe Taploan Up yatangira gukorera mu Rwanda cyangwa niba uhuye n'izindi porogaramu z'inguzanyo, buri gihe soma neza amasezerano y'inguzanyo, ugere ku ntumwa ya nyuma. Menya neza inyungu nyayo (APR), amafaranga y'ifatabuguzi, igihe cyo kwishyura, n'ingaruka zishobora kuvuka mu gihe utishyuye ku gihe.
- Gereranya n'abandi batanga inguzanyo: Mu Rwanda hari ibigo byinshi bitanga inguzanyo byemewe n'amategeko, birimo amabanki y'ubucuruzi, ibigo by'imari iciriritse (microfinance institutions), n'ibigo bya FinTech byanditswe na BNR. Gereranya serivisi zabo, inyungu, n'amabwiriza yabo mbere yo gufata icyemezo.
- Ibwirize ku bijyanye n'amakuru yawe: Menya neza uburyo amakuru yawe bwite azakoreshwa. Niba ikigo gisaba amakuru menshi cyane kandi nta mpamvu yumvikana, cyangwa gitinyiza ko kizakoresha amakuru yawe mu buryo butemewe, kiba kigomba kugushishikariza kugira amakenga.
- Irinde amasezerano adafite ishingiro: Niba hari ikigo kigusezeranya inguzanyo nini cyane, nta ngwate, nta gusaba amakuru ahagije, kandi nta n'ikimenyetso cy'uko cyanditswe, wenda ni uburiganya. Abantu bakwiye guhora biteguye kumenya ko ibyiza cyane biboneka cyane bishobora kuba bidafite ukuri.
Muri rusange, nubwo Taploan Up ishobora kuba ikora neza kandi ikagira abakiriya benshi mu bindi bihugu nk'uburyo bwihuse bwo kubona amafaranga, nta kimenyetso na kimwe kigaragaza ko ifite imikorere yemewe cyangwa yanditswe mu Rwanda. Abaturage b'u Rwanda barasabwa kwirinda no gukorana gusa n'ibigo by'imari byanditswe kandi bifite uruhushya rwa BNR, kugira ngo birinde ingaruka zishobora kuvuka mu gihe cyo gukorana n'ibigo bitazwi.
