Isoko n'Amateka ya Kashbean Loan: Kumenya Aho Ikora
Kashbean Loan, izwi mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko nka Creditarea Capital Limited, ni ikigo cy'inguzanyo z'ikoranabuhanga cyashinzwe kandi kigengwa na Banki Nkuru ya Kenya. Cyabonye uruhushya rwo gukora nk'ikigo gitanga inguzanyo z'ikoranabuhanga muri Kenya. Ni ngombwa cyane kumenya ko nubwo Kashbean Loan ishobora kumenyekana ku rwego rw'akarere, nta bimenyetso na bike bigaragaza ko ifite uruhushya rwo gukorera mu Rwanda, cyangwa ngo itange serivisi zayo muri iki gihugu. Ibi bivuze ko imikorere yose, ibicuruzwa byayo, n'uburenganzira bwose byishingikirije ku mategeko n'isoko rya Kenya gusa.
Iki kigo cyashinzwe mu mwaka wa 2019, kandi kiyoborwa n'abashinze ubwabo, nta banyamigabane b'abandi bahererekanya imigabane ku isoko ry'imari. Imikorere yacyo nyamukuru ni ugutanga inguzanyo zitareshya n'umutungo runaka, z'igihe gito, ku bantu ku giti cyabo no ku bucuruzi buciriritse, zikaba zitangwa binyuze kuri porogaramu ya telefoni igendanwa. Bashinzwe gutanga inguzanyo ku Banyakenya bari hagati y'imyaka 18 na 60 bafite ibimenyetso bigaragaza umushahara, bakibanda cyane ku bakeneye inguzanyo nto zihutirwa. Amakuru y'abayobozi bakuru nka CEO cyangwa umuyobozi w'ishami ry'inguzanyo n'ingaruka ntashyirwa ahagaragara.
Ku Banyarwanda bashaka inguzanyo binyuze kuri porogaramu za telefoni, ni ngombwa cyane kwitondera ko Kashbean Loan idakora mu Rwanda. Gusaba inguzanyo kuri ikigo kitafitiye uruhushya mu gihugu runaka bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi, zirimo kutagira uburenganzira bwo kurenganurwa mu gihe habaye ikibazo, cyangwa gushyira amakuru y'umuntu mu kaga. Banki Nkuru y'u Rwanda (BNR) ni yo ifite inshingano zo gutanga uburenganzira ku bigo bitanga inguzanyo mu Rwanda, kandi ni ngombwa kwiyemeza gukorana n'ibigo byemewe na yo gusa.
Ubwoko bw'Inguzanyo za Kashbean Loan n'Amabwiriza yazo muri Kenya
Kashbean Loan itanga ubwoko bubiri bw'inguzanyo z'ingenzi, ariko ni ngombwa kongera kwibutsa ko izi serivisi zose zishingiye ku isoko rya Kenya, ntabwo ari mu Rwanda:
- Inguzanyo Bwite (Personal Loans): Izi ni inguzanyo zidashyirwaho ingwate zagenewe ibintu bitandukanye nko kwishyura ibitaro, amafaranga y'ishuri, cyangwa ibindi bikenerwa byihutirwa.
- Inguzanyo z'Ubucuruzi (Business Loans): Izi na zo ni inguzanyo zidafite ingwate zagenewe gufasha ubucuruzi buciriritse kwaguka cyangwa kwihutisha imikorere yabo.
Amafaranga n'Inyungu z'Inguzanyo muri Kenya:
Inguzanyo zitangwa na Kashbean Loan mu Kenya ziri hagati y'amafaranga ya Kenya (KES) 1,000 na KES 200,000. Aya mafaranga angana hafi n'amadolari ya Amerika (USD) 7 kugeza kuri USD 1,360, bitewe n'ivunjisha. Inyungu ya buri mwaka (APR - Annual Percentage Rate) ntarengwa iragera kuri 36% ku mwaka, ni ukuvuga 3% ku kwezi. Ariko, ku bahabwa inguzanyo bwa mbere, APR ishobora kuba hejuru (hagati ya 36% na 72%) bitewe n'amafaranga yo gutunganya dosiye (processing fees) ashobora kuba menshi. Igihe cyo kwishyura cyateganyijwe hagati y'iminsi 91 kugeza ku minsi 365 (umwaka umwe), kandi ikigo cyishyurwa rimwe ryose nyuma y'igihe cyagenwe (single bullet payment), nta kubarira ko umwenda wagabanutseho buri kwezi. Izi ni inguzanyo zidashyirwaho ingwate, bivuze ko icyemezo cyo kuguha inguzanyo gishingira ku isesengura ry'ikoranabuhanga ry'amakuru yawe, atari umutungo ufungira.
Amafaranga y'Imirimo n'Amategeko y'Ikwishyurwa:
Kashbean Loan isaba amafaranga y'imirimo (origination/processing fee) ashobora kugera kuri 25% by'inguzanyo, aya akaba atandukana bitewe n'uburyo umuntu asuzumweho ingaruka zo kutishyura. Mu gihe umwenda wakererewe kwishyurwa, umugurizwako asabwa amafaranga y'ubukererwe angana na 2.5% ya buri munsi ku nguzanyo isigaye nyuma y'itariki ntarengwa yo kwishyuriraho. Iyi mikorere yose, harimo inguzanyo, inyungu, n'amafaranga y'imirimo, igengwa n'amategeko ya Kenya. Abanyarwanda bashaka inguzanyo bakwiye gushaka ibigo by'inguzanyo byemewe na BNR, kuko byo biba bigengwa n'amategeko y'u Rwanda kandi bakaba bafite uburenganzira bwo kurenganurwa hano mu Rwanda.
Uburyo bwo Gusaba Inguzanyo n'Imikorere ya Porogaramu ya Kashbean Loan muri Kenya
Gusaba inguzanyo kuri Kashbean Loan bikorerwa gusa binyuze kuri porogaramu yabo ya telefoni igendanwa. Iyi porogaramu iraboneka kuri Android binyuze kuri Google Play Store, ariko ntihagaragazwa neza niba inaboneka kuri iOS. Nta buryo bwo gusaba inguzanyo binyuze kuri urubuga cyangwa mu buryo bwa fagitire; byose bikorerwa muri porogaramu. Nta biro bifatika Kashbean Loan ifite, kuko imikorere yayo yose ishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga.
Ibisabwa n'Uburyo bwo Gutanga Amakuru (KYC) muri Kenya:
Kugira ngo usabe inguzanyo muri Kashbean Loan, ugomba gutanga amakuru yawe mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga. Ibi birimo gutanga indangamuntu ya Kenya, gufata ifoto ya selfie kugira ngo bagenzure isura, no gutanga ibimenyetso bigaragaza umushahara wawe. Ni ngombwa kugira indangamuntu ya Kenya ifite agaciro na nimero ya telefoni ikora muri Kenya. Isuzuma ry'ubushobozi bwo kwishyura rikorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bw'ikoranabuhanga bwa Kashbean Loan bufite ubwenge bw'ubukorikori (machine-learning model) busesengura amakuru ya telefoni, amateka y'ibyo wakoresheje amafaranga, n'andi makuru ajyanye n'aho uherereye n'imyaka yawe. Ntabwo bisaba amakuru yo muri biro bishinzwe inguzanyo (credit bureau); ahubwo hakoreshwa amakuru atandukanye.
Itangwa ry'Inguzanyo n'Uburyo bwo Kwishyura muri Kenya:
Inguzanyo zatanzwe zishyirwa kuri M-PESA, serivisi yohererezanya amafaranga kuri telefoni ikorera muri Kenya. Amafaranga ashobora kugera kuri M-PESA yawe mu minota mike nyuma yo kwemererwa inguzanyo. Kwishyura na byo bikorerwa binyuze kuri M-PESA hakoreshejwe nimero ya Paybill 196184 cyangwa 733555. Kashbean Loan ntabwo ifasha itangwa ry'inguzanyo binyuze kuri banki.
Imikorere ya Porogaramu ya Telefoni:
Porogaramu ya Kashbean Loan kuri Android imaze kumanurwa inshuro zirenga miliyoni imwe, kandi ifite amanota 4.5/5 bivuye ku bitekerezo by'abakoresha bagera ku bihumbi 100. Iyi porogaramu itanga ubushobozi bwo kumenya ako kanya niba wemerewe inguzanyo, kuyicunga no gusaba kongera inguzanyo, kureba amateka y'ibyo wakoresheje n'uko ubushobozi bwawe bwo kugurizwa bwagiye bwiyongera. Nubwo hari ibyiza byinshi, hari n'ibibazo bimwe na bimwe byatanzweho ibitekerezo n'abakoresha, nko kubura ifoto ya selfie mu gihe cyo kwiyandikisha cyangwa porogaramu igihagarara ku ma telefoni ashaje.
Amategeko, Ubuziranenge, Isoko, n'Imari: Isesengura rya Kashbean Loan
Kashbean Loan yemewe na Banki Nkuru ya Kenya (Central Bank of Kenya) nk'ikigo gitanga inguzanyo z'ikoranabuhanga. Iki kigo kigengwa n'amategeko ya Kenya ajyanye no gutanga inguzanyo z'ikoranabuhanga, harimo amategeko arebana n'inyungu ntarengwa n'uburyo bwo kubungabunga amakuru y'abakiriya. Kashbean Loan yubahiriza amategeko ya Kenya arebana no kurengera amakuru (Data Protection Act) n'amabwiriza ya Banki Nkuru ya Kenya arebana no gutanga inguzanyo kuri telefoni. Nta makuru agaragaza ko yigeze ihura n'ibihano cyangwa amategeko yashyizweho n'inzego zishinzwe kugenzura. Mu gihe itanga inguzanyo, Kashbean Loan igaragaza neza amafaranga y'imirimo muri porogaramu, kandi amakuru y'abakiriya atwarwa mu buryo bwizewe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kubika amakuru muri HTTPS na 128-bit SSL encryption.
Umwanya ku Isoko no Guhangana muri Kenya:
Kashbean Loan iri mu bigo bitanu bya mbere mu Kenya bitanga inguzanyo kuri telefoni, bitewe n'umubare w'abamanuye porogaramu yacyo. Ihanganye n'ibindi bigo bikomeye muri Kenya nka Tala, Branch, na OKash. Tala yihariye mu kureba amakuru yo muri biro bishinzwe inguzanyo no gutanga inguzanyo nini. Branch itanga inguzanyo mu buryo bwihuse kandi ikorera mu bihugu byinshi. OKash ifite inyungu ntoya kandi ikora ubucuruzi bwinshi mu kwamamaza. Kashbean Loan yibanda ku kwagura isoko ryayo muri Kenya no kongerera abakiriya bayo ubushobozi bwo kugurizwa. Nta makuru agaragaza ko ifite intego zo kwagukira hanze ya Kenya cyangwa ko yagiranye ubufatanye na banki nini cyangwa ibigo by'itumanaho usibye gukorana na M-PESA.
Ibaruramari n'Imikorere y'Imari:
Nk'ikigo cyigenga, Kashbean Loan ntabwo ishyira ahagaragara amakuru ajyanye n'umusaruro cyangwa inyungu zacyo. Nta makuru agaragaza ko yigeze ihura n'abashoramari baturutse hanze cyangwa ko yabonye inkunga y'imari. Ubunini bw'inguzanyo zatanzwe n'ubwiza bwazo ntibishyirwa ahagaragara, ariko bivugwa ko inguzanyo zigezweho zishobora kuba zigera kuri KES miliyoni 500. Umubare w'abatinza kwishyura bivugwa ko uri hagati ya 5% na 8% buri kwezi, ibi bikaba bicungwa mu guhindura ubushobozi bwo kugurizwa no gushyiraho amafaranga y'ubukererwe ya buri munsi.
Igihe cyose, ni ngombwa kumenya ko Kashbean Loan idakora cyangwa ngo ibe ifite uruhushya rwo gukorera mu Rwanda. Aya makuru yose agaragazwa hejuru yerekeye imikorere yayo muri Kenya. Abanyarwanda bashaka inguzanyo bakwiye gushaka ibigo byemewe n'amategeko hano mu Rwanda.
Inama ku Bashaka Kugurizwa mu Rwanda no Kwitwararika
Nk'uko twabivuze kenshi muri iki kiganiro, ni ngombwa gusubiramo ko Kashbean Loan itari yanditswe cyangwa ngo ifite uruhushya rwo gukorera mu Rwanda. Ibikorwa byayo byose, inguzanyo itanga, n'amategeko ayigenga byose bireba isoko rya Kenya gusa. Ku bw'ibyo, ku Banyarwanda bashaka inguzanyo z'ikoranabuhanga, ni ngombwa cyane kwitondera ibi bikurikira:
- Kwirinda Gusaba Inguzanyo kuri Kashbean Loan: Kubera ko Kashbean Loan idafite uruhushya rwo gukorera mu Rwanda, umunyarwanda ugerageje gusaba inguzanyo kuri porogaramu yabo ashobora kutayihabwa kuko ibisabwa byabo bishingiye ku Banyakenya. Mu gihe umuntu yagerageje, ashobora kwishyira mu kaga ko gutanga amakuru ye bwite ku kigo kitagengwa n'amategeko y'u Rwanda, bityo akaba nta burenganzira bwo kurenganurwa yagira mu gihe habaye ikibazo.
- Kugenzura Ibigo Byemewe n'Amategeko mu Rwanda: Mbere yo gusaba inguzanyo ku kigo cyose gitanga inguzanyo z'ikoranabuhanga, ni ngombwa kugenzura neza niba gifite uruhushya rwa Banki Nkuru y'u Rwanda (BNR). Urutonde rw'ibigo byemewe ruboneka ku rubuga rwa BNR cyangwa ukahahamagara ukabaza. Gukorana n'ikigo cyemewe na BNR bitanga umutekano w'amakuru yawe n'uburenganzira bwo kurenganurwa mu gihe habaye ikibazo.
- Gushaka Ibigo by'Inguzanyo by'Akarere: U Rwanda rufite ibigo byinshi by'inguzanyo z'ikoranabuhanga byemewe na BNR kandi bikorera ku mategeko y'igihugu. Ni byiza gushaka no gukorana na byo. Ibi bigo bimenyereye isoko ry'u Rwanda, kandi bitanga serivisi zihuye n'ibikenewe n'ubushobozi bw'Abanyarwanda.
- Kugenzura Amabwiriza y'Inguzanyo: Ku bigo by'inguzanyo by'ikoranabuhanga mu Rwanda, ni ngombwa gusoma no kumva neza amabwiriza yose ajyanye n'inyungu, amafaranga y'imirimo, igihe cyo kwishyura, n'ingaruka zo gutinda kwishyura. Ni byiza kumenya ibi byose mbere yo gusinya cyangwa kwemera inguzanyo iyo ari yo yose.
- Kwishyira ku Rwego rwo Kugurizwa: Mbere yo gusaba inguzanyo, menya neza ko ufite ubushobozi bwo kuyishyura nta kibazo. Inguzanyo z'ikoranabuhanga zishobora kuba zoroheje kubona, ariko ni ngombwa kutarushywa n'umwenda utashobora kwishyura.
Mu gusoza, Kashbean Loan ni ikigo cyiza cy'inguzanyo z'ikoranabuhanga ku isoko rya Kenya, ariko kubera ko idakora mu Rwanda, abashaka inguzanyo bakwiye gushaka ibindi bigo byemewe n'amategeko ya Banki Nkuru y'u Rwanda. Ubumenyi n'ubushishozi ni byo shingiro ryo gufata ibyemezo byiza by'imari.
