Branch International Financial Services Limited

Branch International Financial Services Limited mu Rwanda: Inkomoko n'Imikorere

Branch International Financial Services Limited, izwi cyane ku izina rya Branch Rwanda, ni ikigo cy'imari gitanga serivisi za microfinance mu Rwanda, gikoresha uburyo bugezweho bwa digital. Cyahawe uruhushya rwo gukora na Banki Nkuru y'u Rwanda (BNR) mu rwego rw'amabwiriza agenga ibigo bya microfinance bidakira amafaranga (non-deposit-taking microfinance institution). Iki kigo cyatangiye gukorera mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 2019, ari urwego rwa Branch International, Inc. ikomoka muri Amerika, ikaba ishyigikiwe n'abashoramari bakomeye mu ikoranabuhanga b'isi barimo Andreessen Horowitz na Trinity Ventures.

Iki kigo cyashinze imizi i Kigali mu buryo bwihuse, gifite intego yo guha inguzanyo abaturage b'u Rwanda badafite uburyo bworoshye bwo kubona inguzanyo mu buryo busanzwe bw'amabanki. Branch Rwanda yibanda cyane ku bakozi ba Leta n'abigenga, abacuruzi bato n'abacuruzi bo ku masoko, ndetse n'abantu bataragira amateka y'inguzanyo cyangwa batagira ingwate. Uburyo ikoresha bwo gutanga inguzanyo bwihariye, kuko bushingira ku ikoranabuhanga rya machine learning rihuza amakuru ava kuri telefoni y'umukiriya (nko gukoresha telefoni, amateka y'ibikorwa kuri mobile money) kugira ngo basuzume ubushobozi bwo kwishyura, aho kuba ingwate isanzwe.

Abayobozi bakuru ba Branch International Financial Services Limited mu Rwanda barimo Madamu Jane Uwimana, Umuyobozi Mukuru w'Igihugu kuva mu 2019, Bwana John Murekezi, Umuyobozi w'Ishami rishinzwe igenzura ry'ibibazo (Risk) n'Ikoranabuhanga (Data Science) kuva mu 2020, na Madamu Alice Mukashema, Umuyobozi w'Ibikorwa kuva mu 2021. Aba bayobozi bafite uburambe bukomeye mu rwego rw'imari n'ikoranabuhanga, bakaba baragize uruhare rukomeye mu iterambere rya Branch Rwanda no kugeza serivisi zayo kuri benshi.

Ubwoko bw'Inguzanyo na Serivisi za Branch Rwanda

Branch Rwanda itanga ubwoko butandukanye bw'inguzanyo buhuje n'ikenewaho ry'abaturage, kandi byose bigakorwa mu buryo bwa digital. Izi nguzanyo zitezweho kugira uruhare mu iterambere ry'abakiriya n'ubukungu bw'igihugu muri rusange. Dore ubwoko bwazo n'ibiziranga:

• Inguzanyo z'Umuntu ku Giti Cye (Kigali Personal): Izi nguzanyo zigenewe abantu ku giti cyabo mu kwikemurira ibibazo bitandukanye. Akayabo gashobora gutangwa kari hagati ya Frw 10,000 na Frw 500,000.
• Inguzanyo z'Ubucuruzi Buto (Small Enterprise Loans): Izi nguzanyo zigenewe abacuruzi bato n'abikorera mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwabo. Akayabo kava kuri Frw 100,000 kakagera kuri Frw 1,000,000.
• Inguzanyo z'Ubutabazi (Emergency Loans): Izi ni inguzanyo ntoya cyane kandi zihuse zigenewe kwikemurira ibibazo bitunguranye. Akayabo kava kuri Frw 5,000 kakagera kuri Frw 50,000.

Inyungu n'Amategeko y'Inguzanyo

Branch Rwanda ikoresha uburyo bwo kubara inyungu bushyira imbere ubushobozi bw'umukiriya. Inyungu z'inguzanyo zibarwa ku kigero kiri hagati ya 0.8% na 1.2% buri kwezi, zikabarirwa ku mafaranga asigaye atarishyurwa (daily-reducing balance). Ibi bivuga ko uko wishyura inguzanyo, inyungu ugenda wishyura zigenza zigabanuka. Ku mwaka, inyungu zishobora kugera kuri 15% kugeza 30% (Annual Percentage Rate - APR), bitewe n'ubushobozi bw'umukiriya bwo kwishyura n'ingano y'inguzanyo.

Igihe cyo Kwishyura: Inguzanyo za Branch Rwanda zifite ibihe bitandukanye byo kwishyura, bitewe n'ubwoko n'ingano y'inguzanyo. Ibi bihe bishobora kuba iminsi 62, iminsi 91, cyangwa kugeza ku minsi 180. Kwishyura bikorwa binyuze kuri serivisi za mobile money (nka MTN Mobile Money na Airtel Money) cyangwa binyuze muri banki.

Amafaranga y'Imirimo (Fees): Branch Rwanda igaragariza abakiliya bayo amafaranga yose y'imirimo. Aba arimo amafaranga y'ifatabuguzi (origination fee) angana na 2% kugeza 4% by'ingano y'inguzanyo, akatwa mbere y'uko amafaranga atangwa. Habaho kandi amafaranga y'ubukererwe angana na 5% by'amafaranga yatinze kwishyurwa buri kwezi, nyuma y'igihe cyagenwe cy'imbabazi. Ikiza ni uko nta mafaranga y'ihazabu agabanywa umukiriya wishyuye inguzanyo ye mbere y'igihe.

Ingwate: Kimwe mu biranga Branch International ni uko itanga inguzanyo zitabasaba ingwate (unsecured). Ibi bivuga ko utazigera usabwa gutanga inzu, ikibanza, cyangwa ikindi kintu nk'ingwate. Rimwe na rimwe, ku bakiriya bafite ibyago byinshi byo kutishyura, bashobora gusabwa gutanga umwishingizi (guarantor) kugira ngo babone inguzanyo.

Uburyo bwo Gusaba Inguzanyo n'Ikoranabuhanga rya Branch

Uburyo bwo gusaba inguzanyo muri Branch Rwanda bwose bukorwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya digital, bikaba byarorohereje abatari bake babaga bafite ikibazo cyo kugera kuri serivisi z'imari.

Kwifashisha Porogaramu ya Telefoni

Uburyo nyamukuru bwo gusaba inguzanyo ni ukwifashisha porogaramu ya Branch (Mobile App) iba kuri telefoni zigezweho za Android (ishobora kuboneka kuri Google Play Store ifite amanota ya 4.3★) cyangwa iOS (ishobora kuboneka kuri App Store ifite amanota ya 4.5★). Porogaramu ya Branch ifite ibintu byinshi by'ingenzi bigize ubuzima bw'umukiriya. Harimo:

• Kugenzura ubushobozi bwawe bwo kubona inguzanyo ako kanya.
• Kongera inguzanyo iyindi (top-up) utongeye gusaba bundi bushya.
• Amateka y'ibikorwa byose wakoze n'uburyo wishyuye.
• Ubufasha bw'abakiriya binyuze mu butumwa bugufi buhita bujya ku bantu bashinzwe serivisi z'abakiliya (chat).

Iyo ukeneye gusaba inguzanyo, ubanza kuzuza amakuru asanzwe yawe (KYC - Know Your Customer) ako kanya kuri porogaramu. Harimo gushyiraho indangamuntu yawe ukoresheje kamera ya telefoni, kwemeza aho utuye ukoresheje selfie n'ikoranabuhanga rya geolocation, ndetse no gutanga amakuru ajyanye n'aho ukura amafaranga yawe (akazi, umushahara, n'ibindi).

Ikoranabuhanga ryo Kugenzura Ubushobozi bwo Kwishyura

Branch Rwanda ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya machine learning rihambaye kugira ngo risuzume ubushobozi bw'umukiriya bwo kwishyura inguzanyo. Iki gikoresho cyifashisha amakuru menshi atandukanye, harimo:

• Amakuru ava kuri telefoni yawe (nko uburyo ukoresha telefoni, guhamagara, ubutumwa bugufi).
• Amateka y'ibikorwa byawe kuri mobile money (uburyo wakira cyangwa wohereza amafaranga).
• Uburyo ukoresha porogaramu ya Branch.

Aya makuru yose ahenda kugira ngo ikoranabuhanga rihuze amakuru menshi rize gusuzuma neza ubushobozi bw'umukiriya. Igenzura ry'ibanze rishobora gufata iminota 2 kugeza 5, naho ku nguzanyo nini bishobora gufata amasaha 24. Bitewe n'uko ikoranabuhanga rigusuzumye, ushyirwa mu byiciro bitanu bitandukanye bigena ingano y'inguzanyo ushobora kubona n'igipimo cy'inyungu uzishyura.

Uburyo bwo Gutanga Amafaranga no Kwishyuza

Amafaranga y'inguzanyo atangwa ako kanya binyuze kuri serivisi za Mobile Money (MTN na Airtel) cyangwa agashyirwa kuri konte ya banki (muri Bank of Kigali na I&M Bank). Amafaranga kuri mobile money atangwa ako kanya, naho muri banki bishobora gufata amasaha abiri.

Iyo igihe cyo kwishyura kigeze, Branch Rwanda yifashisha ubutumwa bugufi n'ubuhamagaro kugira ngo yibutse abakiriya. Iyo umukiriya yatanze uburenganzira, amafaranga ashobora kwikurira kuri konti ye ya mobile money. Ku bakiriya batinze kwishyura, habaho ibiganiro n'itsinda rishinzwe kwishyuza kugira ngo haboneke uburyo bwo kwishyura, ndetse Branch ishobora gufasha abafite ibibazo by'amikoro guhindura uburyo bwo kwishyura kugira ngo barusheho kubasha kwishyura neza.

Imitunganyirize n'Imiterere y'Isoko rya Branch Rwanda

Branch International Financial Services Limited ikorera mu Rwanda yubahiriza amategeko n'amabwiriza yose agenga ibigo by'imari. Ifite uruhushya rwuzuye rwatanzwe na Banki Nkuru y'u Rwanda (BNR) nk'ikigo cya microfinance, kandi igira igenzurwa rihoraho kugira ngo hagenzurwe ubudahangarwa bw'imari, umutekano w'ikoranabuhanga, ndetse n'uburinzi bw'abakiriya.

Kubahiriza Amategeko no Kurengera Abakiriya

Branch Rwanda yubahiriza amategeko arebana no kurwanya isukwa ry'amafaranga (Anti-Money Laundering - AML) binyuze mu kugenzura indangamuntu za digital no gukurikirana ibikorwa by'amafaranga. Amabwiriza arebana no kurengera amakuru y'abakiriya (Data Privacy) nayo arubahirizwa, akurikiza amategeko mpuzamahanga nka GDPR. Mu kurengera abakiriya, Branch igaragaza neza inyungu zose n'amafaranga y'imirimo, itanga igihe cy'imbabazi, kandi igira uburyo bwo gukemura impaka binyuze mu butumwa bwo kuri porogaramu cyangwa ku kigo cya BNR.

Umwanya mu Isoko n'Abanywanyi

Muri 2024, Branch Rwanda ifite umwanya ukomeye mu isoko ry'inguzanyo za digital mu Rwanda, igaragara nk'imwe mu bigo bitatu byambere bitanga izi serivisi. Ifite umugabane ungana na 12% by'inguzanyo ntoya za digital. Abanywanyi bayo bakomeye barimo Tala, nayo itanga inguzanyo za digital n'igihe gito cyo kwishyura, na AwashMicrofin, ifite amashami asanzwe n'inguzanyo nini. Icyiza kiranga Branch ni uburyo bwihuse bwo kugenzura ubushobozi bwo kwishyura no guhitamo inguzanyo zihuje n'umukiriya bitewe n'amateka ye.

Iterambere n'Icyerekezo

Branch Rwanda yerekanye iterambere rihamye mu mwaka wa 2024, aho inguzanyo yatanzwe yiyongereyeho 60% ugereranyije n'umwaka ushize. Mu cyerekezo cy'umwaka wa 2025, Branch ifite intego zo kongeramo serivisi zishya zirimo savings wallet (aho abantu bazajya babika amafaranga), gutangiza inguzanyo zigenewe ubucuruzi bunini, ndetse no gukorana n'ibigo by'itumanaho kugira ngo babashe kubona amakuru yandi yafasha mu kugenzura ubushobozi bwo kwishyura. Branch kandi ifatanya n'ibigo by'imari mu buhinzi mu gutanga inguzanyo zihujwe n'igihe cy'ihinga.

Ibyo Abakiriya Bavuga n'Ubufasha

Abakiriya benshi ba Branch Rwanda bashima cyane ubwihute bwo kubona inguzanyo, ubworohereze bwo gusaba bidashaka ingwate. Gusa, hari bamwe bagaragaza impungenge ku bibazo bito bya porogaramu rimwe na rimwe ndetse n'amafaranga y'ubukererwe ashobora kuba menshi. Branch ifite itsinda rishinzwe gufasha abakiriya rikorana na bo amasaha 24/7 binyuze mu butumwa bwo kuri porogaramu, cyangwa se kuri telefoni mu masaha y'akazi. Ikibazo gishobora gukemurwa mu masaha 48.

Urugero rwa hafi ni urw'umucuruzi muto wo mu Karere ka Huye, wafashe inguzanyo ya Frw 200,000 yo kongera ibicuruzwa bye, maze mu mezi atatu inyungu z'ubucuruzi bwe ziyongeraho 35%. Yashoboye kwishyura inguzanyo ye ku gihe, maze ahita abasha kubona indi nguzanyo nini ya Frw 500,000.

Inama Z'ingirakamaro ku Bashaka Inguzanyo muri Branch Rwanda

Ku bantu bashaka gufata inguzanyo muri Branch International Financial Services Limited, hari inama z'ingirakamaro zagufasha gufata imyanzuro myiza no kwirinda ingorane.

• Soma Amasezerano Neza: Mbere yo kwemeza inguzanyo, menya neza ko usobanukiwe buri kintu cyose cyanditse mu masezerano. Harimo igipimo cy'inyungu, igihe cyo kwishyura, amafaranga y'imirimo, n'ibihano by'ubukererwe. Ntugatere umukono ku cyo utumva neza.
• Genzi Ubushobozi Bwawe: Ntuzigere ufata inguzanyo irenga ubushobozi bwawe bwo kwishyura. Buri gihe genzura neza ko amafaranga winjiza azagufasha kwishyura inguzanyo n'inyungu zayo bitakoroheye. Kwiyemeza kwishyura amafaranga menshi bishobora kugushyira mu bibazo by'ubukene.
• Kwishyura ku Gihe: Igihe cyose ushatse kubaka amateka meza yo kwishyura, kwishyura inguzanyo ku gihe ni ingenzi cyane. Ibi bizagufasha kubona inguzanyo nini n'inyungu nziza mu gihe kizaza. Ubukererwe bushobora kugutera ibihano by'amafaranga menshi ndetse no kugabanya amanota yawe yo kwishyura inguzanyo (credit score).
• Koresha Inguzanyo neza: Inguzanyo zagenewe kugufasha kugera ku ntego zawe z'ubukungu cyangwa kwikemurira ibibazo byihutirwa. Fata inguzanyo gusa ku bintu by'ingenzi kandi bishobora kukwinjiriza cyangwa kukugabanyiriza ibibazo. Wirinde gukoresha inguzanyo mu bintu bidafite akamaro cyangwa bidakurekurira inyungu.
• Baza Ibibazo: Niba hari ikintu utumva neza kuri porogaramu, amategeko y'inguzanyo cyangwa uburyo bwo kwishyura, ntugatinye kubaza abakozi ba Branch binyuze mu butumwa bwo kuri porogaramu cyangwa ku zindi nzira zabo z'itumanaho.

Muri rusange, Branch International Financial Services Limited yaje ari igisubizo ku Banyarwanda benshi bakeneye inguzanyo ntoya kandi zihuse. Ikoranabuhanga ikoresha mu gutanga inguzanyo nta ngwate risaba ryaguye amarembo y'ubukungu kuri benshi. Gusa, ni ngombwa ko umukiriya wese agena neza ubushobozi bwe bwo kwishyura akamenya neza amategeko yose agenga inguzanyo mbere yo kuyafata.